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  • The Buddha and His Teachings
    • Chapter 1 The Buddha
    • Chapter 2 His struggle for enlightenment
    • Chapter 3 The buddhahood
    • Chapter 4 After The Enlightenment
    • Chapter 5 The invitation to expound the dhamma
    • Chapter 6 Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
    • Chapter 7 The Teaching of the Dhamma
    • Chapter 8 The Buddha and his relatives
    • Chapter 9 The Buddha and his relatives
    • Chapter 10 The Buddha's chief opponents and supporters
    • Chapter 11 The Buddha's Royal Patrons
    • Chapter 12 The Buddha's Ministry
    • Chapter 13 The Buddha's daily routine
    • Chapter 14 The Buddha’s Parinibbāna (Death)
    • Chapter 15 What is Buddhism
    • Chapter 16 Some Salient Characteristics of Buddhism
    • Chapter 17 The Four Noble Truths
    • Chapter 18 Kamma
    • Chapter 19 What is kamma?
    • Chapter 20 The Working of Kamma
    • Chapter 21 Nature of kamma
    • Chapter 22 What is the Origin of Life?
    • Chapter 23 The Buddha on the so-called Creator
    • Chapter 24 Reasons to Believe in Rebirth
    • Chapter 25 The Wheel of Life – Paticca-Samuppāda
    • Chapter 26 Modes of Birth and Death
    • Chapter 27 Planes of Existence
    • Chapter 28 How Rebirth takes place
    • Chapter 29 What is it that is Reborn? (No-soul)
    • Chapter 30 Moral Responsibility
    • Chapter 31 Kammic Descent and Kammic Ascent
    • Chapter 32 A Note on the Doctrine of Kamma & Rebirth in the West
    • Chapter 33 Nibbāna
    • Chapter 34 Characteristics of Nibbāna
    • Chapter 35 The Way to Nibbāna (I)
    • Chapter 36 The Way to Nibbāna (II) Meditation
    • Chapter 37: Nīvarana or Hindrances
    • Chapter 38 The Way to Nibbāna (III)
    • Chapter 39 The State of an Arahant
    • Chapter 40 The Bodhisatta Ideal
    • Chapter 41 Pāramī – Perfections
    • Chapter 42 Brahmavihāra – The Sublime States
    • Chapter 43 Eight Worldly Conditions
    • Chapter 44 The Problems of Life
  • History of Buddhism
    • Buddha and Contemporary teachers
    • The qualities of Buddha that promote the spread of Buddhism
    • Spread of Buddhism in India & Buddha Early Disciples
    • Origin of monks settlements
    • The Evolution of Sangha
    • 1st Buddhist council
    • 2nd Buddhist Council
    • 3rd Buddhist Council
    • Supporters of Buddhism
    • The Bhikkhuni Order
    • Bhikkhuni Sanghamitta
    • Buddhism during reign of King Anawrahta in Myanmar
    • Buddhism in Cambodia
    • Buddhism in Sri Lanka (Venerable Mahinda)
    • Buddhism in Thailand (Ayutthaya period)
    • King Suddhodana (Buddha's Father)
    • King Asoka
    • King Devanampiya Tissa (Sri Lanka)
    • Lumbini
    • Mahasanghika School
  • Basic Buddhism Doctrine
    • 3 characteristics of existence
    • 3 evil roots
    • First noble truth
    • Four sublime abodes (Cattaro Brahma Vihara)
    • 4 Noble Truths
    • Noble Eightfold Path
    • 5 Aggregates
    • 5 Jhana Factors
    • 5 precepts and buddhist ethics
    • 10 Meritorious Deeds
    • Buddhist Ethics
    • Classification of Kamma
    • Death, Kamma and Rebirth
    • Kamma differentiates beings (Cula Kamma Vibhanga Sutta)
    • Cravings
    • Dasa-rājādhamma / 10 Royal Virtues
    • Dependent origination (Paticca Samuppada)
    • Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta (First discourse)
    • Feelings
    • Hiri and Ottappa
    • Metta (Loving kindness)
    • Mindfulness
  • Digha Nikaya (Long Discourse)
    • DN 1 Brahmajala Sutta
    • DN 2 Samannaphala Sutta (The Fruits of the homeless life)
    • DN 3 Ambattha Sutta
    • DN 4 Sonadanda Sutta
    • DN 5 Kuttadanta Sutta
    • DN 6 Mahali Sutta
    • DN 7 Jaliya Sutta
    • DN 8 Mahasihanada Sutta: The Great Lion's Roar
    • DN 9 : Potthapada Sutta
    • DN 10 Subha Sutta: Morality, concentration and wisdom
    • DN 11 Kevaddha Sutta: What Brahma didn't know
    • DN 12 Lohicca Sutta : Good and Bad teachers
    • DN 13 Tevijja Sutta : The threefold knowledge (The Way to Brahma)
    • DN 14 Mahapadana Sutta: : The Great Discourse on the Lineage
    • DN 15 Mahanidana Sutta: The Great discourse on Origination
    • DN 16 Maha-parinibbana Sutta
    • DN 17 Mahasudassana Sutta: The Great Splendor, A King's Renunciation
    • DN 18: Janavasabha sutta: Brahma addresses the gods
    • DN 19 Mahagovinda Sutta: The Great Steward
    • Dn 20 Mahisamaya Sutta: The Mighty Gathering Devas Come to See the Buddha
    • Dn 21 Sakkapanha Sutta: Sakka's questions
    • DN 22 Mahasatipatthana Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Foundations of Mindfulness
    • DN 23: Payasi Sutta; Debate with a sceptic
    • DN 24: Patika suta: About Patikaputta The Charlatan
    • DN 25: Udumbarika-Sihanada Sutta: The Great Lion's Roar to the Udumbarikans
    • DN 26 Cakkavatti-Sihanada Sutta : The Lion's roar on the turning of the wheel
    • DN27 Aggañña Sutta: On Knowledge of Beginnings
    • DN 28 Sampasadaniya Sutta: Serene Faith
    • Dn 29 Pasadika Sutta: The Delightful Discourse
    • DN 30 Lakkhana Sutta: The Marks of a Great Man
    • DN 31. Sigalovada Sutta Advice to the lay people
    • DN 32 Atanatiya Sutta (The Atanata protective verses)
    • DN 33 Sangiti Sutta: The Chanting Together
    • Dn 34: Dasuttara Sutta: Expanding Decades
  • Majjhima Nikaya (Middle length discourse)
    • MN 1 Mulapariyaya Sutta (The Root of All Things)
    • MN 2 Sabbasava Sutta
    • MN 3 Dhammadayada Sutta (Heirs in Dhamma)
    • MN 4 Bhayabherava Sutta (Fear and Dread)
    • MN 5 Anangana Sutta (Without Blemishes)
    • MN 6 Akankheyya Sutta (If a Bhikkhu Should Wish)
    • MN 7 Vatthupama Sutta (The Simile of the Cloth)
    • MN 8 Sallekha Sutta (Effacement)
    • MN 9: Sammaditthi Sutta (Right View)
    • MN 10 Satipatthana Sutta: The Foundations of Mindfulness
    • MN 11 Culasihanada Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Lion's Roar
    • MN 12 Mahasihanada Sutta :The Greater Discourse on the Lion's Roar
    • MN 13 Mahadukkhakkhandha Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Mass of Suffering
    • MN 14 Culadukkhakkhandha Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Mass of Suffering
    • MN 15 Anumana Sutta: Inference
    • MN 16 Cetokhila Sutta: The Wilderness in the Heart
    • MN 17 Vanapattha Sutta: Jungle Thickets
    • MN 18 Madhupindika Sutta: The Honeyball
    • MN 19 Dvedhavitakka Sutta: Two Kinds of Thought
    • MN 20 Vitakkasanthana Sutta : The Removal of Distracting Thoughts
    • MN 21 Kakacupama Sutta: The Simile of the Saw
    • MN 22 Alagaddupama Sutta: The Simile of the Snake
    • MN 23 Vammika Sutta: The Ant-hill
    • MN 24 Rathavinita Sutta: The Relay Chariots
    • MN 25 Nivapa Sutta: The Bait
    • MN 26 Ariyapariyesana Sutta: The Noble Search
    • MN 27 Culahatthipadopama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint
    • MN 28 Mahahatthipadopama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint
    • MN 29 Mahasaropama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Simile of the Heartwood
    • MN 30 Culasaropama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Simile of the Heartwood
    • MN 31 Culagosinga sutta: The shorter discourse in Gosinga
    • MN 32 Mahagosinga Sutta: The Greater Discourse in Gosinga
    • MN 33 Mahagopalaka Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Cowherd
    • MN 34 Culagopalaka Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Cowherd
    • MN 35 Culasaccaka Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Saccaka
    • MN 36 Mahasaccaka Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Saccaka
    • MN 37 Culatanhasankhaya Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Destruction of Craving
    • MN 38 Mahatanhasankhaya Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Destruction of Craving
    • MN 39 Maha-Assapura Sutta: The Greater Discourse at Assapura
    • MN 40 Cula-Assapura Sutta: The Shorter Discourse at Assapura
    • MN 41 Saleyyaka Sutta: The Brahmins of Sala
    • MN 42 Veranjaka Sutta: The Brahmins of Veranja
    • MN 43 Mahavedalla Sutta: The Greater Series of Questions and Answers
    • MN 44 Culavedalla Sutta: The Shorter Series of Questions and Answers
    • MN 45 Culadhammasamadana Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on Ways of Undertaking Things
    • MN 46 Mahadhammasamadana Sutta: The Greater Discourse on Ways of Undertaking Things
    • MN 47 Vimamsaka Sutta: The Inquirer
    • MN 48 Kosambiya Sutta: The Kosambians
    • MN 49 Brahmanimantanika Sutta: The Invitation of a Brahma
    • MN 50 Maratajjaniya Sutta: The Rebuke to Mara
    • MN 51 Kandaraka Sutta: To Kandaraka
    • MN 52 Atthakanagara Sutta: The Man from Atthakanagara
    • MN 53 Sekha Sutta: The Disciple in Higher Training
    • MN 54 Potaliya Sutta: To Potaliya
    • MN 55 Jivaka Sutta: To Jivaka
    • MN 56 Upali Sutta: To Upali
    • MN 57 Kukkuravatika Sutta: The Dog-duty Ascetic
    • MN 58 Abhayarajakumara Sutta: To Prince Abhaya
    • MN 59 Bahuvedaniya Sutta: The Many Kinds of Feeling
    • MN 60 Apannaka Sutta: The Incontrovertible Teaching
    • MN 61 Ambalatthikarahulovada Sutta: Advice to Rahula at Ambalatthika
    • MN 62 Maharahulovada Sutta: The Greater Discourse of Advice to Rahula
    • MN 63 Culamalunkya Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Malunkyaputta
    • MN 64 Mahamalunkya Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Malunkyaputta
    • MN 65 Bhaddali Sutta: To Bhaddali
    • MN 66 Latukikopama Sutta: The Simile of the Quail
    • MN 67 Catuma Sutta: At Catuma
    • MN 68 Nalakapana Sutta: At Nalakapana
    • MN 69 Gulissani Sutta: Gulissani
    • MN 70 Kitagiri Sutta: At Kitagiri
    • MN 71 Tevijjavacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on the Threefold True Knowledge
    • MN 72 Aggivacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on Fire
    • MN 73 Mahavacchagotta Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Vacchagotta
    • MN 74 Dighanakha Sutta: To Dighanakha
    • MN 75 Magandiya Sutta: To Magandiya
    • MN 76 Sandaka Sutta: To Sandaka
    • MN 77 Mahasakuludayi Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Sakuludayin
    • MN 78 Samanamandika Sutta: Samanamandikaputta
    • MN 79 Culasakuludayi Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Sakuludayin
    • MN 80 Vekhanassa Sutta: To Vekhanassa
    • MN 81 Ghatikara Sutta: Ghatikara the Potter
    • MN 82 Ratthapala Sutta: On Ratthapala
    • MN 83 Makhadeva Sutta: King Makhadeva
    • MN 84 Madhura Sutta: At Madhura
    • MN 85 Bodhirajakumara Sutta: To Prince Bodhi
    • MN 86 Angulimala Sutta: On Angulimala
    • MN 87 Piyajatika Sutta: Born from Those Who Are Dear
    • MN 88 Bahitika Sutta: The Cloak
    • MN 89 Dhammacetiya Sutta: Monuments to the Dhamma
    • MN 90 Kannakatthala Sutta: At Kannakatthala
    • MN 91 Brahmayu Sutta: Brahmayu
    • MN 92 Sela Sutta: To Sela
    • MN 93 Assalayana Sutta: To Assalayana
    • MN 94 Ghotamukha Sutta: To Ghotamukha
    • MN 95 Canki Sutta: With Canki
    • MN 96 Esukari Sutta: To Esukari
    • MN 97 Dhananjani Sutta: To Dhananjani
    • MN 98 Vasettha Sutta: To Vasettha
    • MN 99 Subha Sutta: To Subha
    • MN 100 Sangarava Sutta: To Sangarava
    • MN 101 Devadaha Sutta: At Devadaha
    • MN 102 Pancattaya Sutta: The Five and Three
    • MN 103 Kinti Sutta: What Do You Think About Me?
    • MN 104 Samagama Sutta: At Samagama
    • MN 105 Sunakkhatta Sutta: To Sunakkhatta
    • MN 106 Anenjasappaya Sutta: The Way to the Imperturbable
    • MN 107 Ganakamoggallana Sutta: To Ganaka Moggallana
    • MN 108 Gopakamoggallana Sutta: With Gopaka Moggallana
    • MN 109 Mahapunnama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Full-moon Night
    • MN 110 Culapunnama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Full-moon Night
    • MN 111 Anupada Sutta: One by One As They Occurred
    • MN 112 Chabbisodhana Sutta: The Sixfold Purity
    • MN 113 Sappurisa Sutta: The True Man
    • MN 114 Sevitabbasevitabba Sutta: To Be Cultivated and Not To Be Cultivated
    • MN 115 Bahudhatuka Sutta: The Many Kinds of Elements
    • MN 116 Isigili Sutta- Isigili: The Gullet of the Seers
    • MN 117 Mahacattansaka Sutta: The Great Forty
    • MN 118 Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing
    • MN 119 Kayagatasati Sutta: Mindfulness of the Body
    • MN 120 Sankharupapatti Sutta: Reappearance by Aspiration
    • MN 121 Culasunnata Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on Voidness
    • MN 122 Mahasunnata Sutta: The Greater Discourse on Voidness
    • MN 123 Acchariya-abbhuta Sutta: Wonderful and Marvellous
    • MN 124 Bakkula Sutta: Bakkula
    • MN 125 Dantabhumi Sutta: The Grade of the Tamed
    • MN 126 Bhumija Sutta: Bhumija
    • MN 127 Anuruddha Sutta: Anuruddha
    • MN 128 Upakkilesa Sutta: Imperfections
    • MN 129 Balapandita Sutta: Fools and Wise Men
    • MN 130 Devaduta Sutta: The Divine Messengers
    • MN 131 Bhaddekaratta Sutta: One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 132 Anandabhaddekaratta Sutta: Ananda and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 133 Mahakaccanabhaddekaratta Sutta: MahaKaccana and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 134 Lomasakangiyabhaddekaratta Sutta: Lomasakangiya and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 135 Cula Kamma Vibhanga Sutta
    • MN 136 Mahakammavibhanga Sutta: The Greater Exposition of Action
    • MN 137 Salayatanavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Sixfold Base
    • MN 138 Uddesavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of a Summary
    • MN 139 Aranavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of Non-Conflict
    • MN 140 Dhatuvibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Elements
    • MN 141 Saccavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Truths
    • MN 142 Dakkhinavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of Offerings
    • MN 143 Anathapindikovada Sutta: Advice to Anathapindika
    • MN 144 Channovada Sutta: Advice to Channa
    • MN 145 Punnovada Sutta: Advice to Punna
    • MN 146 Nandakovada Sutta: Advice from Nandaka
    • MN 147 Cularahulovada Sutta: The Shorter Discourse of Advice to Rahula
    • MN 148 Chachakka Sutta: The Six Sets of Six
    • MN 149 Mahasalayatanika Sutta: The Great Sixfold Base
    • MN 150 Nagaravindeyya Sutta: To the Nagaravindans
    • MN 151 Pindapataparisuddhi Sutta: The Purification of Almsfood
    • MN 152 Indriyabhavana Sutta: The Development of the Faculties
  • Samyutta Nikaya (Connected discourse)
    • PART I: The Book with Verses (Sagathavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Devata-samyutta: Connected Discourses with Devatas
      • ​Chapter 2 Devaputta Sutta: Connected discourse with young devas
      • ​Chapter 3 Kosala-Samyutta (With the Kosalan)
      • Chapter 4 Mara-samyutta (Mara)
      • Chapter 5 Bhikkhuni-Samyutta (With Bhikkunis)
      • Chapter 6 Brahma-Samyutta (With Brahmas)
      • Chapter 7 Brahmana- Samyutta (With Brahmins)
      • Chapter 8 Vangisa- Samyutta (With Vangisa)
      • Chapter 9 Vana-Samyutta (In the woods)
      • Chapter 10 Yakkha- Samyutta (With Yakkhas)
      • Chapter 11 Sakka-Samyutta (with Sakka)
    • Part II The Book of Causation (Nidana Vaggasamyutta) >
      • Chapter 1 Nidana Samyutta (On Causation)
      • Chapter 2 Abhisamaya-Samyutta (On the Breakthrough )
      • Chapter 3 Dhatu Samyutta (On Elements)
      • Chapter 4 Anamatagga Samyutta (On Without Discoverable Beginning​)
      • Chapter 5 Kassapa Samyutta (With Kassapa)
      • Chapter 6 Labhasakkara Samyutta (On Gains and Honor)
      • Chapter 7 Rahula-Samyutta
      • Chapter 8 Lakkhana-Samyutta (With Lakkhana)
      • ​Chapter 9 Opamma- Samyutta (With Similes)
      • Chapter 10 Bhikkhu-Samyutta (With Bhikkhus)
    • Part III The book of aggregates (Khandhavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Khanda Samyutta (On the aggregates)
      • Chapter 2 Radha Samyutta (With Radha)
      • Chapter 3 Ditthi Samyutta (On Views)
      • Chapter 4 Okkanti Samyutta (On Entering)
      • Chapter 5 Uppada Samyutta (On Arising)
      • Chapter 6 Kilesa Samyutta (On Defilements)
      • Chapter 7 Sariputta Samyutta (With Sariputta)
      • Chapter 8 Naga Samyutta (On Nagas)
      • Chapter 9 Supanna Samyutta (On Supannas)
      • Chapter 10 Ghandhabba Samyutta (On Ghandhabbas)
      • Chapter 11 Valahaka Samyutta (On Cloud Devas)
      • Chapter 12 Vacchagotta Samyutta (With Vacchagotta)​
      • Chapter 13 Jhana Samyutta (On Meditation)
    • Part IV The Book of Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Salayatana Samyutta (On Six Sense Bases)
      • Chapter 2 Vedana Samyutta
      • Chapter 3 Matugama Samyutta (On Women)
      • Chapter 4 Jambukhādaka Saṃyutta (With Jambukhadaka)
      • Chapter 5 Samandaka Samyutta (With Samandaka)
      • Chapter 6 Moggallana Samyutta (With Moggallana)
      • Chapter 7 Citta Samyutta (With Citta)
      • Chapter 8 Gamani Samyutta (To Headmen)
      • Chapter 9 Asankhata Samyutta: On the unconditioned
      • Chapter 10 Abyakata Samyutta (On the undeclared)
    • Part V The Great Book (Maha Vaggasamyutta) >
      • Chapter 1 Magga Samyutta (On the path)
      • Chapter 2 Bojjhanga Samyutta (On the factors of enlightenment)
      • Chapter 3 Satipatthana Samyutta (Establishments of Mindfulness)
      • Chapter 4 Indriya Samyutta (On the Faculties)
      • Chapter 5 Sammappadhana Samyutta (On the Right Strivings)
      • Chapter 6 Bala Samyutta (On the Powers)
      • Chapter 7 Iddhipada Samyutta (On the bases for Spiritual power)
      • Chapter 8 Anuruddha Samyutta (With Anuruddha)
      • Chapter 9 Jhana Samyutta (On the Jhanas)
      • Chapter 10 Anapana Samyutta (On Breathing)
      • Chapter 11 Sotapatti Samyutta (On Stream Entry)
      • Chapter 12 Sacca Samyutta (On the truths)
  • Anguttara Nikaya (Numerical discourse)
    • The Book of the Ones (Ekakanipāta) >
      • I Obsession of the mind. II Abandoning the hindrances, ​III Unwieldy & IV Untamed
      • V A Spike VI Luminous VII Arousal of Energy, VIII Good Friendship, IX Heedlessness & X Internal
      • XI Non-Dhamma, XII Not an offense, XIII One Person, ​XIV Foremost XV Impossible & XVI One thing
      • XVII Qualities Engendering confidence, XVIII Finger Snap, XIX Mindfulness directed to the body & XX The Deathless
    • The Book Of Twos (Dukanipata) >
      • I Entering upon the rains, II Disciplinary Issues, III Fools, IV Same-Minded & V Assembles
      • VI People, VII Happiness, VIII With a basis,IX Dhamma, X Fools & XI Desires
      • XII Aspiring XIII Gifts XIV Munificence
      • ​XV Meditative Attainment, XVI Anger , XVII Unwholesome repetition series, ​​XVIII Discipline Repetition Series, XIX Lust and so forth repetition series
    • The Book of Threes (Tikanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
    • The Book of Fours (Catukkanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • Fifth Fifty
    • The Book of Fives (Pancakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • Fifth Fifty
      • Sixth Fifty
    • The Book of Sixes (Chakkanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Sevens (Sattakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Eights ( Atthakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of The Nines (Navakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Tens (Dasakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • An Extra Fifty
    • The Book of Elevens (Ekadasakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
  • Khuddaka Nikāya
  • Dhammapada
    • Dhammapada Chapter 1 verse 1-20 (The twins)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 2 Verse 21-32 (Heedfulness)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 3 Verse 33-43 (Mind)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 4 Verse 44-59 (Flowers)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 5 Verse 60-75 (Fools)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 6 Verse 76-89 The Wise
    • Dhammapada Chapter 7 Verse 90- 99 The Arahant
    • Dhammapada Chapter 8 Verse 100-115 The thousands
    • Dhammapada Chapter 9 Verse 116-128 Evil
    • Dhammapada Chapter 10 Verse 129-145 Punishment
    • Dhammapada Chapter 11 Verse 146-156 Old age
    • Dhammpada Chapter 12 Verse 157-166: Self
    • Dhammapada Chapter 13 Verse 167-178 World
    • Dhammapada Chapter 14 Verse 179-196: The Buddha
    • Dhammapada Chapter 15 Verse 197-208: Happiness
    • Dhammapada Chapter 16 Verse 209-220: Affection
    • Dhammapada Chapter 17 Verse 221-234 : Anger
    • Dhammapada Chapter 18 Verse 235-255: Impurities
    • Dhammapada Chapter 19 Established Verse 256-272
    • Dhammapada Chapter 20 Verse 273-289 : The Path
    • Dhammapada Chapter 21 Verse 290-305: Miscellaneous
    • Dhammapada Chapter 22 Verse 306-319: Hell
    • Dhammapada Chapter 23 Verse 320-333: The Great
    • Dhammapada Chapter 24 Craving Verse 334-359
    • Dhammapada Chapter 25 The Monk Verse 360-382
    • Dhammapada Chapter 26 Brahmana Verse 383-423
  • Vinaya Pitaka
  • Abhidhamma
  • Great Disciples of the Buddha
    • Chief disciple Ven Sariputta
    • Chief disciple Ven Moggallana
    • Mahakassapa
    • Ananda
    • Anuruddha
    • Mahakaccana
    • Bhikkhuni Mahapajapati Gotami
    • Visakha and other Bhikkhunis
    • Aṅgulimāla
    • Anāthapiṇḍika
    • Shorter lives of the disciples
  • Ordination Procedure (Upasampadàvidhã )
    • Chapter 1 Upasampada
    • Chapter 2 The Vinaya
    • Chapter 3 Ordination Procedure
    • Chapter 4 Admonition Anusasana
    • Chapter 5 Preliminary Duties for a New Bhikkhu
    • Chapter 6 Daily chanting
    • Appendices
  • THE DHAMMA WAY
    • Why should we practise Mettā?
    • How to make Merits?
    • Do you cultivate the Four Divine Abodes?
    • Q&A on Buddhist’s Misconceptions
    • Will Buddhism disappear from the world?
    • Have you seen Relics?
    • Are there karmically genetic diseases?
    • What is the Buddhist approach to crime and punishment?
    • Let’s practise ‘Paccavekkhana’
  • Patipadā Venerable Ãcariya Mun’s Path of Practice
    • Chapter 1 Kammatthåna
    • Chapter 2 Training the Mind
    • Chapter 3 The White-robed Upåsaka
    • Chapter 4 More About Training & Venerable Ajaan Mun’s Talk
    • Chapter 5 Stories of Bhikkhus Who Practise
    • Chapter 6 The Ascetic Practices (Dhutangas)
    • Chapter 7 The Story of Venerable Ajaan Chob
    • Chapter 8 Bhikkhus of the “Modern Kind”
    • Chapter 9 About Beings in the Realm of Ghosts
    • Chapter 10 The Practice of the Dhutangas
    • Chapter 11 The Nature of Greed & Fighting Pain and Kilesas
    • Chapter 12 A Short Biography of Venerable Ajaan Khao
    • Chapter 13 Methods of Bhåvanå
    • Chapter 14 The Importance of Mindfulness
    • Chapter 15 The Kammatthåna Bhikkhus’ Ways of Behaviour
    • Chapter 16 The Customs of Kammatthåna Bhikkhus
    • Chapter 17 How Questions Differ in Samådhi & Paññå
    • Chapter 18 More on Behaviour & Dhamma Discussions
    • Chapter 19 The Story of Venerable Ajaan Brom
    • Chapter 20 Venerable Ajaan Mun’s Practice & His Methods of Teaching
  • Venerable Ãcariya Mun Bhýridatta Thera — A Spiritual Biography —
    • The Early Years
    • The Middle Years
    • A Heart Released
    • The Chiang Mai Years
    • Unusual Questions, Enlightening Answers
    • The Final Years
    • The Legacy
    • Appendix I
    • Appendix II
  • Things as they are
    • Introduction
    • From Ignorance to Emptiness
    • The Tracks of the Ox
    • The path of strength
    • The Savor of the Dhamma
    • The Middleness of the Middle Way
    • The Simile of the Horse
    • Principles in the Practice, Principles in the Heart
    • The Four Frames of Reference
    • The Work of a Contemplative
    • The Fangs of Ignorance
    • The Outer Space of Mind
    • To Be an Inner Millionaire
    • Every Grain of Sand
  • Arahattamagga Arahattaphala (The Path to Arahantship)
    • ARAHATTAMAGGA (The direct route to the end of all suffering)
    • ARAHATTAPHALA
    • ARAHATTAPATTA
    • APPENDIX
  • Forest Dhamma
    • Introduction
    • Wisdom Develops Samadhi
    • Samadhi I
    • Samadhi 2
    • Samadhi 3
    • Wisdom
    • The Funeral Desana
    • Dhamma Talk 1
    • The development of meditation
  • Paritta Chants
  • Dhamma Ebooks links
  • Autobiographies of Ajahns
  • Blog

Chapter 19 What is Kamma

​“Volition is Kamma.” – Anguttara Nikāya Kamma

The Pāli term Kamma, literally, means action or doing. Any kind of intentional action whether mental, verbal, or physical
is regarded as Kamma. It covers all that is included in the phrase: “Thought, word and deed”. Generally speaking, all
good and bad actions constitute Kamma. In its ultimate sense Kamma means all moral and immoral volition (kusala akusala
cetanā). Involuntary, unintentional or unconscious actions, though technically deeds, do not constitute Kamma, because
volition, the most important factor in determining Kamma, is absent.

The Buddha says:— “I declare, O Bhikkhus, that volition (cetanā) is Kamma. Having willed one acts by body, speech and thought.”

Every volitional action of persons, except those of Buddhas and Arahants, is called Kamma. An exception is made in
their case because they are delivered from both good and evil. They have eradicated both ignorance and craving, the roots
of Kamma. “Destroyed are their (germinal) seeds (khīna-bijā), selfish desires no longer grow,” states the Ratana Sutta. This
does not mean that the Buddhas and Arahants are passive.

They are tirelessly active in working for the real well-being and happiness of all. Their deeds, ordinarily accepted as good
or moral, lack creative power as regards themselves. Understanding things as they truly are, they have finally shattered
their cosmic fetters – the chain of cause and effect.

​Some religions attribute this unevenness to Kamma, but they differ from Buddhism when they state that even unintentional actions should be regarded as Kamma. According to them, “the unintentional murderer of his mother is a hideous criminal. The man who kills or who harasses in any way a living being without intent, is none the less guilty, just as a man who touches fire is burnt.”

“This astounding theory undoubtedly leads to palpable absurdities."
“The embryo and the mother would both be guilty of making each other suffer. Further the analogy of the fire is logically
fallacious. For instance, a man would not be guilty if he got another person to commit the murder, for one is not burnt if one gets another to put his hand into the fire. Moreover unintentional actions would be much worse than intentional
wrong actions, for, according to the comparison, a man who touches fire without knowing that it would burn is likely
to be more deeply burnt than the man who knows.

In the working of Kamma its most important feature is mind. All our words and deeds are coloured by the mind or
consciousness we experience at such particular moments.
“When the mind is unguarded, bodily action is unguarded; speech also is unguarded; thought also is unguarded. When the
mind is guarded, bodily action is guarded; speech also is guarded; and thought also is guarded.”

“By mind the world is led, by mind is drawn: And all men own the sovereignty of mind.”
“If one speaks or acts with a wicked mind, pain follows one as the wheel, the hoof of the draught-ox.”
“If one speaks or acts with a pure mind, happiness follows one as the shadow that never departs.”

Immaterial mind conditions all Kammic activities. Kamma does not necessarily mean past actions. It embraces both past and present deeds. Hence, in one sense, we are the result of what we were, we will be the result of what we are. In another sense, it should be added, we are not totally the result of what we were, we will not absolutely be the result of what we are. The present is no doubt the offspring of the past and is the parent of the future, but the present is not always a true index of either the past or the future – so complex is the working of Kamma.

For instance, a criminal today may be a saint tomorrow, a good person yesterday may be a vicious one today. It is this doctrine of Kamma that the mother teaches her child when she says: “Be good and you will be happy and we will love you. But if you are bad, you will be unhappy and we will not love you.”

Like attracts like. Good begets good. Evil begets evil. This is the law of Kamma.
In short Kamma is the law of cause and effect in the ethical realm, or as some Westerners prefer to say, “action influence.”​
​Kamma and Vipāka

Kamma is action, and Vipāka, fruit or result, is its reaction. Just as every object is accompanied by a shadow, even so every
volitional activity is inevitably accompanied by its due effect.

​Like potential seed is Kamma. Fruit, arising from the tree, is the Vipāka, effect or result. As Kamma may be good or bad,
so may Vipāka, fruit, be good or bad. As Kamma is mental, so Vipāka too is mental; it is experienced as happiness or bliss,
unhappiness or misery according to the nature of the Kamma seed. Ānisamsa are the concomitant advantageous material
conditions, such as prosperity, health and longevity.

When Vipāka’s concomitant material conditions are disadvantageous, they are known as ādinava (evil consequences),
and appear as poverty, ugliness, disease, short life span and the like. 

By Kamma are meant the Moral and Immoral types of mundane consciousness (kusala akusala lokiya citta), and by
Vipāka, the resultant types of mundane consciousness (lokiya vipākacitta).

According to Abhidhamma, Kamma constitutes the twelve types of immoral consciousness, eight types of moral
consciousness pertaining to the Sentient Realm (kāmāvacara), five types of moral consciousness pertaining to the Realms
of Forms (rūpāvacara), and four types of moral consciousness pertaining to the Formless Realms (arūpāvacara).

The eight types of supramundane (lokuttara) consciousness are not regarded as Kamma, because they tend to eradicate
the roots of Kamma. In them the predominant factor is wisdom (paññā) while in the mundane it is volition (cetanā).

The nine types of moral consciousness pertaining to the Realms of Form and the Formless Realms are the five
Rūpāvacara and four Arūpāvacara Jhānas (Ecstasies) which are purely mental.
​Words and deeds are caused by the first twenty types of mundane consciousness. Verbal actions are done by the mind
by means of speech. Bodily actions are done by the mind through the instrument of the body. Purely mental actions
have no other instrument than the mind. 

These twenty-nine types of consciousness are called Kamma because they have the power to produce their due effects
quite automatically, independent of any external agency. Those types of consciousness which one experiences as inevitable
consequences of one’s moral and immoral thoughts are called resultant consciousness pertaining to the Sentient Realm. The five types of resultant consciousness pertaining to the Realms of Form and the four types of resultant consciousness
pertaining to the Formless Realms are called Vipāka or fruition of Kamma.

As we sow, so we reap somewhere and sometime, in this life or in a future birth. What we reap today is what we have
sown either in the present or in the past.

The Samyutta Nikāya states: “According to the seed that’s sown, So is the fruit ye reap therefrom . Doer of good (will gather) good. Doer of evil, evil (reaps). Sown is the seed, and planted well. Thou shalt enjoy the fruit thereof.”

Kamma is a law in itself which operates in its own field without the intervention of any external, independent ruling agency. 

Inherent in Kamma is the potentiality of producing its due effect. The cause produces the effect, the effect explains the
cause. The seed produces the fruit, the fruit explains the seed, such is their relationship. Even so are Kamma and its effect.
“The effect already blooms in the cause.”

Happiness and misery, which are the common lot of humanity, are the inevitable effects of causes. From a Buddhist
standpoint they are not rewards and punishments, assigned by a supernatural, omniscient ruling power to a soul that
has done good or evil. Theists who attempt to explain everything by this one temporal life and an eternal future life, ignoring a past, may believe in a post-mortem justice, and may regard present happiness and misery as blessings and curses conferred on his creation by an omniscient and omnipotent Divine Ruler, who sits in heaven above controlling the destinies of the human race.

Buddhism that emphatically denies an arbitrarily created immortal soul, believes in natural law and justice which cannot be suspended by either an Almighty God, or an All-compassionate Buddha. According to this natural law, acts bring their own rewards and punishments to the individual doer whether human justice finds him or not.

Some there are, who cavil thus: So you Buddhists too administer the opium of Kammic doctrine to the poor, saying: “You are born poor in this life on acount of your past evil Kamma. He is born rich on account of his past good Kamma. So be satisfied with your humble lot, but do good to be rich in your next life."

“You are being oppressed now because of your past evil Kamma. That is your destiny. Be humble and bear your sufferings patiently. Do good now. You can be certain of a better and happier life after death.”

The Buddhist doctrine of Kamma does not expound such fatalistic views. Nor does it vindicate a post-mortem justice.​
​The All-merciful Buddha, who had no ulterior selfish motives, did not teach this law of Kamma to protect the rich and comfort the poor by promising illusory happiness in an after-life.

According to the Buddhist doctrine of Kamma, one is not always compelled by an iron necessity, for Kamma is neither
fate nor predestination imposed upon us by some mysterious unknown power to which we must helplessly submit ourselves. It is one’s own doing reacting on oneself, and so one has the power to divert the course of Kamma to some extent.

How far one diverts it, depends on oneself.

The Cause of Kamma


Ignorance (avijjā) or not knowing things as they truly are, is the chief cause of Kamma. Dependent on ignorance arise Kammic activities (avijjāpaccaya samkhārā), states the Buddha in the Paticca Samuppāda (Dependent Origination).
Associated with ignorance is its ally craving (tanhā), the other root of Kamma. Evil actions are conditioned by these
two causes.

All good deeds of a worldling (puthujjana), though associated with the three wholesome roots of generosity (alobha),
goodwill (adosa) and knowledge (amoha), are nevertheless regarded as Kamma because the two roots of ignorance and craving are dormant in him. The moral types of supramundane Path consciousness (maggacitta) are not regarded as Kammambecause they tend to eradicate the two root causes.


The Doer of Kamma

Who is the doer of Kamma? Who reaps the fruit of Kamma?
“Is it a sort of accretion about a soul?”
​
In answering these subtle questions, Venerable Buddha ghosa writes in the Visuddhi Magga: “No Doer is there who does the deed, Nor is there one who feels the fruit,
Constituent parts alone roll on, This indeed is right discernment.

According to Buddhism there are two realities – apparent and ultimate. Apparent reality is ordinary conventional truth
(sammuti sacca). Ultimate reality is abstract truth (paramattha sacca). For instance, the table we see is apparent reality. In an ultimate sense the so-called table consists of forces and qualities.

For ordinary purposes a scientist would use the term water, but in the laboratory he would say h2o. In the same way, for conventional purposes such terms as man, woman, being, self and so forth are used. The so-called fleeting forms consist of psycho-physical phenomena which are constantly changing, not remaining for two consecutive moments the same.
​

Buddhists therefore do not believe in an unchanging entity, in an actor apart from action, in a perceiver apart from
perception, in a conscious subject behind consciousness.

Who then is the doer of Kamma? Who experiences the effect?

Volition or will (cetanā) is itself the doer. Feeling (vedanā) is itself the reaper of the fruits of action. Apart from these pure
mental states (suddhadhammā) there is none to sow and none to reap.


Just as, says the Venerable Buddhaghosa, in the case of those elements of matter that go under the name of tree, as
soon as at any point the fruit springs up, it is then said the tree bears fruit or “thus the tree has fructified,” so also in the
case of “aggregates” (khandhas) which go under the name of Deva or man, when a fruition of happiness or misery springs
up at any point, then it is said “that Deva or man is happy or miserable.”

In this respect Buddhists agree with Prof. William James when, unlike Descartes, he asserts: “Thoughts themselves are
the thinkers.”​
​Where is Kamma?

“Stored within the psyche,” writes a certain psychoanalyst, “but usually inaccessible and to be reached only by some, is
the whole record, without exception, of every experience the individual has passed through, every influence felt, every impression received. The subconscious mind is not only an indelible record of individual experiences but also retains the
impress of primeval impulses and tendencies, which so far from being outgrown as we fondly deem them in civilized
man, are subconsciously active and apt to break out in disconcerting strength at unexpected moments.”

A Buddhist would make the same assertion with a vital modification. Not stored within any postulatory “psyche”, for
there is no proof of any such receptacle or storehouse in this ever-changing complex machinery of man, but dependent on
the individual psycho-physical continuity or flux is every experience the so-called being has passed through, every influence felt, every impression received, every characteristic –divine, human, or brutal – developed. In short the entire Kammic force is dependent on the dynamic mental flux (citta santati) ever ready to manifest itself in multifarious phenomena as occasion arises.

“Where, Venerable Sir, is Kamma?” King Milinda questioned the Venerable Nāgasena.
“O Mahārāja,” replied the Venerable Nāgasena, “Kamma is not said to be stored somewhere in this fleeting consciousness
or in any other part of the body. But dependent on mind and matter it rests manifesting itself at the opportune moment, just as mangoes are not said to be stored somewhere in the mango tree, but dependent on the mango tree they lie, springing up in due season.”

Neither wind nor fire is stored in any particular place, nor is Kamma stored anywhere within or without the body.

Kamma is an individual force, and is transmitted from one existence to another. It plays the chief part in the moulding of
character and explains the marvellous phenomena of genius, infant prodigies, and so forth. The clear understanding of this
doctrine is essential for the welfare of the world.
​​​​​Reference: 
The Buddha and His Teachings by Venerable Nārada Mahāthera
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  • The Buddha and His Teachings
    • Chapter 1 The Buddha
    • Chapter 2 His struggle for enlightenment
    • Chapter 3 The buddhahood
    • Chapter 4 After The Enlightenment
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    • Chapter 6 Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
    • Chapter 7 The Teaching of the Dhamma
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    • Chapter 15 What is Buddhism
    • Chapter 16 Some Salient Characteristics of Buddhism
    • Chapter 17 The Four Noble Truths
    • Chapter 18 Kamma
    • Chapter 19 What is kamma?
    • Chapter 20 The Working of Kamma
    • Chapter 21 Nature of kamma
    • Chapter 22 What is the Origin of Life?
    • Chapter 23 The Buddha on the so-called Creator
    • Chapter 24 Reasons to Believe in Rebirth
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    • DN 1 Brahmajala Sutta
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    • DN 9 : Potthapada Sutta
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    • DN 23: Payasi Sutta; Debate with a sceptic
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    • DN 25: Udumbarika-Sihanada Sutta: The Great Lion's Roar to the Udumbarikans
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  • Majjhima Nikaya (Middle length discourse)
    • MN 1 Mulapariyaya Sutta (The Root of All Things)
    • MN 2 Sabbasava Sutta
    • MN 3 Dhammadayada Sutta (Heirs in Dhamma)
    • MN 4 Bhayabherava Sutta (Fear and Dread)
    • MN 5 Anangana Sutta (Without Blemishes)
    • MN 6 Akankheyya Sutta (If a Bhikkhu Should Wish)
    • MN 7 Vatthupama Sutta (The Simile of the Cloth)
    • MN 8 Sallekha Sutta (Effacement)
    • MN 9: Sammaditthi Sutta (Right View)
    • MN 10 Satipatthana Sutta: The Foundations of Mindfulness
    • MN 11 Culasihanada Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Lion's Roar
    • MN 12 Mahasihanada Sutta :The Greater Discourse on the Lion's Roar
    • MN 13 Mahadukkhakkhandha Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Mass of Suffering
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    • MN 15 Anumana Sutta: Inference
    • MN 16 Cetokhila Sutta: The Wilderness in the Heart
    • MN 17 Vanapattha Sutta: Jungle Thickets
    • MN 18 Madhupindika Sutta: The Honeyball
    • MN 19 Dvedhavitakka Sutta: Two Kinds of Thought
    • MN 20 Vitakkasanthana Sutta : The Removal of Distracting Thoughts
    • MN 21 Kakacupama Sutta: The Simile of the Saw
    • MN 22 Alagaddupama Sutta: The Simile of the Snake
    • MN 23 Vammika Sutta: The Ant-hill
    • MN 24 Rathavinita Sutta: The Relay Chariots
    • MN 25 Nivapa Sutta: The Bait
    • MN 26 Ariyapariyesana Sutta: The Noble Search
    • MN 27 Culahatthipadopama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint
    • MN 28 Mahahatthipadopama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint
    • MN 29 Mahasaropama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Simile of the Heartwood
    • MN 30 Culasaropama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Simile of the Heartwood
    • MN 31 Culagosinga sutta: The shorter discourse in Gosinga
    • MN 32 Mahagosinga Sutta: The Greater Discourse in Gosinga
    • MN 33 Mahagopalaka Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Cowherd
    • MN 34 Culagopalaka Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Cowherd
    • MN 35 Culasaccaka Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Saccaka
    • MN 36 Mahasaccaka Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Saccaka
    • MN 37 Culatanhasankhaya Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Destruction of Craving
    • MN 38 Mahatanhasankhaya Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Destruction of Craving
    • MN 39 Maha-Assapura Sutta: The Greater Discourse at Assapura
    • MN 40 Cula-Assapura Sutta: The Shorter Discourse at Assapura
    • MN 41 Saleyyaka Sutta: The Brahmins of Sala
    • MN 42 Veranjaka Sutta: The Brahmins of Veranja
    • MN 43 Mahavedalla Sutta: The Greater Series of Questions and Answers
    • MN 44 Culavedalla Sutta: The Shorter Series of Questions and Answers
    • MN 45 Culadhammasamadana Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on Ways of Undertaking Things
    • MN 46 Mahadhammasamadana Sutta: The Greater Discourse on Ways of Undertaking Things
    • MN 47 Vimamsaka Sutta: The Inquirer
    • MN 48 Kosambiya Sutta: The Kosambians
    • MN 49 Brahmanimantanika Sutta: The Invitation of a Brahma
    • MN 50 Maratajjaniya Sutta: The Rebuke to Mara
    • MN 51 Kandaraka Sutta: To Kandaraka
    • MN 52 Atthakanagara Sutta: The Man from Atthakanagara
    • MN 53 Sekha Sutta: The Disciple in Higher Training
    • MN 54 Potaliya Sutta: To Potaliya
    • MN 55 Jivaka Sutta: To Jivaka
    • MN 56 Upali Sutta: To Upali
    • MN 57 Kukkuravatika Sutta: The Dog-duty Ascetic
    • MN 58 Abhayarajakumara Sutta: To Prince Abhaya
    • MN 59 Bahuvedaniya Sutta: The Many Kinds of Feeling
    • MN 60 Apannaka Sutta: The Incontrovertible Teaching
    • MN 61 Ambalatthikarahulovada Sutta: Advice to Rahula at Ambalatthika
    • MN 62 Maharahulovada Sutta: The Greater Discourse of Advice to Rahula
    • MN 63 Culamalunkya Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Malunkyaputta
    • MN 64 Mahamalunkya Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Malunkyaputta
    • MN 65 Bhaddali Sutta: To Bhaddali
    • MN 66 Latukikopama Sutta: The Simile of the Quail
    • MN 67 Catuma Sutta: At Catuma
    • MN 68 Nalakapana Sutta: At Nalakapana
    • MN 69 Gulissani Sutta: Gulissani
    • MN 70 Kitagiri Sutta: At Kitagiri
    • MN 71 Tevijjavacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on the Threefold True Knowledge
    • MN 72 Aggivacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on Fire
    • MN 73 Mahavacchagotta Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Vacchagotta
    • MN 74 Dighanakha Sutta: To Dighanakha
    • MN 75 Magandiya Sutta: To Magandiya
    • MN 76 Sandaka Sutta: To Sandaka
    • MN 77 Mahasakuludayi Sutta: The Greater Discourse to Sakuludayin
    • MN 78 Samanamandika Sutta: Samanamandikaputta
    • MN 79 Culasakuludayi Sutta: The Shorter Discourse to Sakuludayin
    • MN 80 Vekhanassa Sutta: To Vekhanassa
    • MN 81 Ghatikara Sutta: Ghatikara the Potter
    • MN 82 Ratthapala Sutta: On Ratthapala
    • MN 83 Makhadeva Sutta: King Makhadeva
    • MN 84 Madhura Sutta: At Madhura
    • MN 85 Bodhirajakumara Sutta: To Prince Bodhi
    • MN 86 Angulimala Sutta: On Angulimala
    • MN 87 Piyajatika Sutta: Born from Those Who Are Dear
    • MN 88 Bahitika Sutta: The Cloak
    • MN 89 Dhammacetiya Sutta: Monuments to the Dhamma
    • MN 90 Kannakatthala Sutta: At Kannakatthala
    • MN 91 Brahmayu Sutta: Brahmayu
    • MN 92 Sela Sutta: To Sela
    • MN 93 Assalayana Sutta: To Assalayana
    • MN 94 Ghotamukha Sutta: To Ghotamukha
    • MN 95 Canki Sutta: With Canki
    • MN 96 Esukari Sutta: To Esukari
    • MN 97 Dhananjani Sutta: To Dhananjani
    • MN 98 Vasettha Sutta: To Vasettha
    • MN 99 Subha Sutta: To Subha
    • MN 100 Sangarava Sutta: To Sangarava
    • MN 101 Devadaha Sutta: At Devadaha
    • MN 102 Pancattaya Sutta: The Five and Three
    • MN 103 Kinti Sutta: What Do You Think About Me?
    • MN 104 Samagama Sutta: At Samagama
    • MN 105 Sunakkhatta Sutta: To Sunakkhatta
    • MN 106 Anenjasappaya Sutta: The Way to the Imperturbable
    • MN 107 Ganakamoggallana Sutta: To Ganaka Moggallana
    • MN 108 Gopakamoggallana Sutta: With Gopaka Moggallana
    • MN 109 Mahapunnama Sutta: The Greater Discourse on the Full-moon Night
    • MN 110 Culapunnama Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Full-moon Night
    • MN 111 Anupada Sutta: One by One As They Occurred
    • MN 112 Chabbisodhana Sutta: The Sixfold Purity
    • MN 113 Sappurisa Sutta: The True Man
    • MN 114 Sevitabbasevitabba Sutta: To Be Cultivated and Not To Be Cultivated
    • MN 115 Bahudhatuka Sutta: The Many Kinds of Elements
    • MN 116 Isigili Sutta- Isigili: The Gullet of the Seers
    • MN 117 Mahacattansaka Sutta: The Great Forty
    • MN 118 Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing
    • MN 119 Kayagatasati Sutta: Mindfulness of the Body
    • MN 120 Sankharupapatti Sutta: Reappearance by Aspiration
    • MN 121 Culasunnata Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on Voidness
    • MN 122 Mahasunnata Sutta: The Greater Discourse on Voidness
    • MN 123 Acchariya-abbhuta Sutta: Wonderful and Marvellous
    • MN 124 Bakkula Sutta: Bakkula
    • MN 125 Dantabhumi Sutta: The Grade of the Tamed
    • MN 126 Bhumija Sutta: Bhumija
    • MN 127 Anuruddha Sutta: Anuruddha
    • MN 128 Upakkilesa Sutta: Imperfections
    • MN 129 Balapandita Sutta: Fools and Wise Men
    • MN 130 Devaduta Sutta: The Divine Messengers
    • MN 131 Bhaddekaratta Sutta: One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 132 Anandabhaddekaratta Sutta: Ananda and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 133 Mahakaccanabhaddekaratta Sutta: MahaKaccana and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 134 Lomasakangiyabhaddekaratta Sutta: Lomasakangiya and One Fortunate Attachment
    • MN 135 Cula Kamma Vibhanga Sutta
    • MN 136 Mahakammavibhanga Sutta: The Greater Exposition of Action
    • MN 137 Salayatanavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Sixfold Base
    • MN 138 Uddesavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of a Summary
    • MN 139 Aranavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of Non-Conflict
    • MN 140 Dhatuvibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Elements
    • MN 141 Saccavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of the Truths
    • MN 142 Dakkhinavibhanga Sutta: The Exposition of Offerings
    • MN 143 Anathapindikovada Sutta: Advice to Anathapindika
    • MN 144 Channovada Sutta: Advice to Channa
    • MN 145 Punnovada Sutta: Advice to Punna
    • MN 146 Nandakovada Sutta: Advice from Nandaka
    • MN 147 Cularahulovada Sutta: The Shorter Discourse of Advice to Rahula
    • MN 148 Chachakka Sutta: The Six Sets of Six
    • MN 149 Mahasalayatanika Sutta: The Great Sixfold Base
    • MN 150 Nagaravindeyya Sutta: To the Nagaravindans
    • MN 151 Pindapataparisuddhi Sutta: The Purification of Almsfood
    • MN 152 Indriyabhavana Sutta: The Development of the Faculties
  • Samyutta Nikaya (Connected discourse)
    • PART I: The Book with Verses (Sagathavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Devata-samyutta: Connected Discourses with Devatas
      • ​Chapter 2 Devaputta Sutta: Connected discourse with young devas
      • ​Chapter 3 Kosala-Samyutta (With the Kosalan)
      • Chapter 4 Mara-samyutta (Mara)
      • Chapter 5 Bhikkhuni-Samyutta (With Bhikkunis)
      • Chapter 6 Brahma-Samyutta (With Brahmas)
      • Chapter 7 Brahmana- Samyutta (With Brahmins)
      • Chapter 8 Vangisa- Samyutta (With Vangisa)
      • Chapter 9 Vana-Samyutta (In the woods)
      • Chapter 10 Yakkha- Samyutta (With Yakkhas)
      • Chapter 11 Sakka-Samyutta (with Sakka)
    • Part II The Book of Causation (Nidana Vaggasamyutta) >
      • Chapter 1 Nidana Samyutta (On Causation)
      • Chapter 2 Abhisamaya-Samyutta (On the Breakthrough )
      • Chapter 3 Dhatu Samyutta (On Elements)
      • Chapter 4 Anamatagga Samyutta (On Without Discoverable Beginning​)
      • Chapter 5 Kassapa Samyutta (With Kassapa)
      • Chapter 6 Labhasakkara Samyutta (On Gains and Honor)
      • Chapter 7 Rahula-Samyutta
      • Chapter 8 Lakkhana-Samyutta (With Lakkhana)
      • ​Chapter 9 Opamma- Samyutta (With Similes)
      • Chapter 10 Bhikkhu-Samyutta (With Bhikkhus)
    • Part III The book of aggregates (Khandhavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Khanda Samyutta (On the aggregates)
      • Chapter 2 Radha Samyutta (With Radha)
      • Chapter 3 Ditthi Samyutta (On Views)
      • Chapter 4 Okkanti Samyutta (On Entering)
      • Chapter 5 Uppada Samyutta (On Arising)
      • Chapter 6 Kilesa Samyutta (On Defilements)
      • Chapter 7 Sariputta Samyutta (With Sariputta)
      • Chapter 8 Naga Samyutta (On Nagas)
      • Chapter 9 Supanna Samyutta (On Supannas)
      • Chapter 10 Ghandhabba Samyutta (On Ghandhabbas)
      • Chapter 11 Valahaka Samyutta (On Cloud Devas)
      • Chapter 12 Vacchagotta Samyutta (With Vacchagotta)​
      • Chapter 13 Jhana Samyutta (On Meditation)
    • Part IV The Book of Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga) >
      • Chapter 1 Salayatana Samyutta (On Six Sense Bases)
      • Chapter 2 Vedana Samyutta
      • Chapter 3 Matugama Samyutta (On Women)
      • Chapter 4 Jambukhādaka Saṃyutta (With Jambukhadaka)
      • Chapter 5 Samandaka Samyutta (With Samandaka)
      • Chapter 6 Moggallana Samyutta (With Moggallana)
      • Chapter 7 Citta Samyutta (With Citta)
      • Chapter 8 Gamani Samyutta (To Headmen)
      • Chapter 9 Asankhata Samyutta: On the unconditioned
      • Chapter 10 Abyakata Samyutta (On the undeclared)
    • Part V The Great Book (Maha Vaggasamyutta) >
      • Chapter 1 Magga Samyutta (On the path)
      • Chapter 2 Bojjhanga Samyutta (On the factors of enlightenment)
      • Chapter 3 Satipatthana Samyutta (Establishments of Mindfulness)
      • Chapter 4 Indriya Samyutta (On the Faculties)
      • Chapter 5 Sammappadhana Samyutta (On the Right Strivings)
      • Chapter 6 Bala Samyutta (On the Powers)
      • Chapter 7 Iddhipada Samyutta (On the bases for Spiritual power)
      • Chapter 8 Anuruddha Samyutta (With Anuruddha)
      • Chapter 9 Jhana Samyutta (On the Jhanas)
      • Chapter 10 Anapana Samyutta (On Breathing)
      • Chapter 11 Sotapatti Samyutta (On Stream Entry)
      • Chapter 12 Sacca Samyutta (On the truths)
  • Anguttara Nikaya (Numerical discourse)
    • The Book of the Ones (Ekakanipāta) >
      • I Obsession of the mind. II Abandoning the hindrances, ​III Unwieldy & IV Untamed
      • V A Spike VI Luminous VII Arousal of Energy, VIII Good Friendship, IX Heedlessness & X Internal
      • XI Non-Dhamma, XII Not an offense, XIII One Person, ​XIV Foremost XV Impossible & XVI One thing
      • XVII Qualities Engendering confidence, XVIII Finger Snap, XIX Mindfulness directed to the body & XX The Deathless
    • The Book Of Twos (Dukanipata) >
      • I Entering upon the rains, II Disciplinary Issues, III Fools, IV Same-Minded & V Assembles
      • VI People, VII Happiness, VIII With a basis,IX Dhamma, X Fools & XI Desires
      • XII Aspiring XIII Gifts XIV Munificence
      • ​XV Meditative Attainment, XVI Anger , XVII Unwholesome repetition series, ​​XVIII Discipline Repetition Series, XIX Lust and so forth repetition series
    • The Book of Threes (Tikanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
    • The Book of Fours (Catukkanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • Fifth Fifty
    • The Book of Fives (Pancakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • Fifth Fifty
      • Sixth Fifty
    • The Book of Sixes (Chakkanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Sevens (Sattakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Eights ( Atthakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of The Nines (Navakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
    • The Book of Tens (Dasakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
      • Second Fifty
      • Third Fifty
      • Fourth Fifty
      • An Extra Fifty
    • The Book of Elevens (Ekadasakanipata) >
      • First Fifty
  • Khuddaka Nikāya
  • Dhammapada
    • Dhammapada Chapter 1 verse 1-20 (The twins)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 2 Verse 21-32 (Heedfulness)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 3 Verse 33-43 (Mind)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 4 Verse 44-59 (Flowers)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 5 Verse 60-75 (Fools)
    • Dhammapada Chapter 6 Verse 76-89 The Wise
    • Dhammapada Chapter 7 Verse 90- 99 The Arahant
    • Dhammapada Chapter 8 Verse 100-115 The thousands
    • Dhammapada Chapter 9 Verse 116-128 Evil
    • Dhammapada Chapter 10 Verse 129-145 Punishment
    • Dhammapada Chapter 11 Verse 146-156 Old age
    • Dhammpada Chapter 12 Verse 157-166: Self
    • Dhammapada Chapter 13 Verse 167-178 World
    • Dhammapada Chapter 14 Verse 179-196: The Buddha
    • Dhammapada Chapter 15 Verse 197-208: Happiness
    • Dhammapada Chapter 16 Verse 209-220: Affection
    • Dhammapada Chapter 17 Verse 221-234 : Anger
    • Dhammapada Chapter 18 Verse 235-255: Impurities
    • Dhammapada Chapter 19 Established Verse 256-272
    • Dhammapada Chapter 20 Verse 273-289 : The Path
    • Dhammapada Chapter 21 Verse 290-305: Miscellaneous
    • Dhammapada Chapter 22 Verse 306-319: Hell
    • Dhammapada Chapter 23 Verse 320-333: The Great
    • Dhammapada Chapter 24 Craving Verse 334-359
    • Dhammapada Chapter 25 The Monk Verse 360-382
    • Dhammapada Chapter 26 Brahmana Verse 383-423
  • Vinaya Pitaka
  • Abhidhamma
  • Great Disciples of the Buddha
    • Chief disciple Ven Sariputta
    • Chief disciple Ven Moggallana
    • Mahakassapa
    • Ananda
    • Anuruddha
    • Mahakaccana
    • Bhikkhuni Mahapajapati Gotami
    • Visakha and other Bhikkhunis
    • Aṅgulimāla
    • Anāthapiṇḍika
    • Shorter lives of the disciples
  • Ordination Procedure (Upasampadàvidhã )
    • Chapter 1 Upasampada
    • Chapter 2 The Vinaya
    • Chapter 3 Ordination Procedure
    • Chapter 4 Admonition Anusasana
    • Chapter 5 Preliminary Duties for a New Bhikkhu
    • Chapter 6 Daily chanting
    • Appendices
  • THE DHAMMA WAY
    • Why should we practise Mettā?
    • How to make Merits?
    • Do you cultivate the Four Divine Abodes?
    • Q&A on Buddhist’s Misconceptions
    • Will Buddhism disappear from the world?
    • Have you seen Relics?
    • Are there karmically genetic diseases?
    • What is the Buddhist approach to crime and punishment?
    • Let’s practise ‘Paccavekkhana’
  • Patipadā Venerable Ãcariya Mun’s Path of Practice
    • Chapter 1 Kammatthåna
    • Chapter 2 Training the Mind
    • Chapter 3 The White-robed Upåsaka
    • Chapter 4 More About Training & Venerable Ajaan Mun’s Talk
    • Chapter 5 Stories of Bhikkhus Who Practise
    • Chapter 6 The Ascetic Practices (Dhutangas)
    • Chapter 7 The Story of Venerable Ajaan Chob
    • Chapter 8 Bhikkhus of the “Modern Kind”
    • Chapter 9 About Beings in the Realm of Ghosts
    • Chapter 10 The Practice of the Dhutangas
    • Chapter 11 The Nature of Greed & Fighting Pain and Kilesas
    • Chapter 12 A Short Biography of Venerable Ajaan Khao
    • Chapter 13 Methods of Bhåvanå
    • Chapter 14 The Importance of Mindfulness
    • Chapter 15 The Kammatthåna Bhikkhus’ Ways of Behaviour
    • Chapter 16 The Customs of Kammatthåna Bhikkhus
    • Chapter 17 How Questions Differ in Samådhi & Paññå
    • Chapter 18 More on Behaviour & Dhamma Discussions
    • Chapter 19 The Story of Venerable Ajaan Brom
    • Chapter 20 Venerable Ajaan Mun’s Practice & His Methods of Teaching
  • Venerable Ãcariya Mun Bhýridatta Thera — A Spiritual Biography —
    • The Early Years
    • The Middle Years
    • A Heart Released
    • The Chiang Mai Years
    • Unusual Questions, Enlightening Answers
    • The Final Years
    • The Legacy
    • Appendix I
    • Appendix II
  • Things as they are
    • Introduction
    • From Ignorance to Emptiness
    • The Tracks of the Ox
    • The path of strength
    • The Savor of the Dhamma
    • The Middleness of the Middle Way
    • The Simile of the Horse
    • Principles in the Practice, Principles in the Heart
    • The Four Frames of Reference
    • The Work of a Contemplative
    • The Fangs of Ignorance
    • The Outer Space of Mind
    • To Be an Inner Millionaire
    • Every Grain of Sand
  • Arahattamagga Arahattaphala (The Path to Arahantship)
    • ARAHATTAMAGGA (The direct route to the end of all suffering)
    • ARAHATTAPHALA
    • ARAHATTAPATTA
    • APPENDIX
  • Forest Dhamma
    • Introduction
    • Wisdom Develops Samadhi
    • Samadhi I
    • Samadhi 2
    • Samadhi 3
    • Wisdom
    • The Funeral Desana
    • Dhamma Talk 1
    • The development of meditation
  • Paritta Chants
  • Dhamma Ebooks links
  • Autobiographies of Ajahns
  • Blog